| The article explores the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on education in the digital age. From personalised learning strategies to AI-powered tutoring systems, discover how technology is reshaping student engagement, retention, and educational outcomes globally. Gain insights from key studies, educational frameworks, and market forecasts that highlight AI’s role in revolutionising classroom dynamics and preparing learners for the Fourth Industrial Revolution. |
Backdrop
The landscape of education today is marked by diverse hurdles that impact student engagement and retention. One significant barrier is the lack of personalised learning experiences tailored to individual student needs and interests. Many educational systems still adhere to traditional, one-size-fits-all approaches that may not effectively engage every student. This mismatch often leads to disinterest, disengagement, and ultimately, dropout rates.[1]
Institutional factors also play a pivotal role. Overcrowded classrooms, limited resources, and inadequate support systems for students facing socio-economic or personal challenges can hinder their ability to stay engaged. Additionally, the disconnect between theoretical learning and real-world application often leaves students questioning the relevance of their education, affecting their motivation to persist.[1] [4] The post COVID-19 pandemic highlighted additional layers of complexity. The sudden shift to remote learning exacerbated disparities in access to technology and support, impacting engagement levels differently across student demographics. This crisis underscored the need for flexible, adaptive educational models that can sustain engagement under varying circumstances.[4]
Limitation of Traditional Education System
Educationists have long recognized the limitations of conventional classroom approaches. Critics have highlighted various issues within the education system. The standardised curriculum and uniform assessment fail to accommodate the diverse backgrounds and learning paces of students. Traditional lectures can sometimes be passive, failing to resonate with students’ expectations for engagement and relevance. Academic pressures compound as students struggle to align the curriculum with their future aspirations. Resultantly it leads to numerous challenges in maintaining student engagement and motivation, crucial factors impacting retention rates.[1][4][11]
In an essay, Benjamin Bloom (1984), an educational psychologist at the University of Chicago, argued that tutoring provided “optimal learning conditions.” According to Bloom, tutors had the potential to elevate student achievement by two full standard deviations—or two “sigmas,” statistically speaking. Bloom’s perspective gave rise to what is now recognized in educational circles as the “2 Sigma Problem.” Initially coined by Benjamin Bloom, this term highlights the considerable disparity in learning outcomes observed among students in conventional classroom environments. He asserted that tutoring offered the best learning conditions and advocated the tremendous power of personalised teaching learning.[1]
We have an answer to the problem today.The rapid evolution of technology has introduced both opportunities and complexities. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Educational Technology (EdTech) have ushered in a new era of possibilities in the education sector, with LLMs (Large Language Models) playing a pivotal role in revolutionising teaching and learning experiences.[7][8]
Emergence of EdTech Companies and Artificial Intelligence revolution in Education
The emergence of optical fibre technology and the widespread availability of internet facilities have profoundly transformed the education sector. The traditional method of learning through chalk and talk, alongside face-to-face interactions, has given way to virtual classes enriched with visual experiences and simulations. Students’ demand for access to the best faculty, regardless of geographical barriers, has reshaped educational dynamics.[9]
The internet boom and the expansion of educational technology (EdTech) companies have democratised access to quality teaching. Through online portals empowered by AI-assisted models, students from remote corners of the country can now learn from exemplary teachers. The EdTech industry has witnessed explosive growth in recent years. A report by MarketsandMarkets projects the global EdTech market to reach a staggering USD 1.3 trillion by 2027, reflecting the surging demand for innovative learning solutions . [9][10]This growth is fueled by a confluence of factors, including:
- Increased internet penetration has actually paved the way for EdTech companies and introduction of AI in the education realm . Globally, internet users have surpassed 5 billion, creating a fertile ground for online learning platforms.[4][5]
- Growing demand for flexibility leads to changing the way we think about education. With busy schedules and diverse learning styles, students and educators alike seek flexible learning options that cater to their individual needs.
- The proliferation of smartphones and tablets allows for learning on-the-go, making education more accessible than ever before.
EdTech companies, both established giants and innovative startups led by individual entrepreneurs, are at the forefront of this revolution. They offer a plethora of educational tools and resources, including:
- Interactive learning platforms provide engaging content, gamified learning experiences, and personalised learning pathways.
- Learning Management Systems (LMS) platforms streamline online course delivery, automate administrative tasks, and facilitate communication between educators and students.
- Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) applications offer immersive learning experiences that bring abstract concepts to life and enhance student engagement.[13]
This shift allowed students to discover a long list of star educators like Alakh Pande, known for physics education, Khan Sar from Bihar, Divya Karti, and many more, who swiftly gained recognition for their expertise and teaching prowess.
Khan Academy stands as a beacon in the realm of education, leveraging advanced technologies like Large Language Models (LLMs) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to revolutionise learning experiences globally. Founded by Salman Khan in the US during 2008, Khan Academy has redefined traditional education by offering free, accessible, and high-quality educational resources across various subjects.Khan Academy harnesses the power of LLM and AI to personalise learning for millions of learners worldwide. LLM and AI algorithms analyse user data to understand individual learning patterns, strengths, and weaknesses. This analysis enables Khan Academy to provide personalised learning paths, recommending content and exercises tailored to each learner’s needs. Students receive adaptive feedback and suggestions, facilitating a more effective learning journey.[7]
Besides this, several organisations, companies, and countries around the world have adopted Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education to enhance learning experiences, improve outcomes, and innovate educational practices.Coursera is an online learning platform that utilises AI to personalise learning experiences for users. It offers courses from universities and organisations worldwide, leveraging AI to recommend courses based on learners’ preferences and performance. Duolingo uses AI to personalise language learning experiences. The platform adapts exercises and lessons based on users’ proficiency levels, learning speed, and areas needing improvement .Pearson, a global education company, integrates AI into educational assessments and learning platforms. AI-powered tools help personalise learning paths, provide feedback on assignments, and analyse student performance data. Edmodo, an educational technology company, uses AI to facilitate communication and collaboration among students, teachers, and parents. It provides personalised recommendations for educational resources and activities. SMART Technologies offers interactive whiteboards and educational software that incorporate AI to enhance classroom engagement and collaborative learning experiences. IBM Watson Education utilises AI to provide personalised learning experiences, adaptive tutoring, and data-driven insights for educators and students.[10][11]
China has been at the forefront of integrating AI into education through initiatives like AI-powered tutoring platforms and smart classrooms. Companies like Tencent and Alibaba have developed AI-driven educational tools to support learning both in traditional classrooms and online. Singapore has launched various AI initiatives in education, including AI-powered tutoring systems and personalised learning platforms. The government collaborates with tech companies and educational institutions to implement AI solutions in schools. South Korea has invested in AI-driven educational technologies to support personalised learning and improve educational outcomes. Initiatives include AI-powered tutoring programs and smart learning environments. UAE has embraced AI in education through initiatives like the Mohammed Bin Rashid Smart Learning Program, which integrates AI into classrooms to enhance teaching methods and student engagement.
In India, educational institutions are integrating AI into their curriculum to complement traditional teaching approaches. CBSE has integrated AI education as a fundamental component for students. The Indian government has introduced several initiatives to foster AI in education, aligning with the objectives of the National Education Policy 2020, which underscores the incorporation of technology, including AI, to enhance educational standards. Nonetheless, compared to the advancements made in other countries globally, our efforts have been comparatively modest and indicate a need for accelerated progress.
Early mover advantage is a well-known concept, indicating that those who adopt technological advancements first gain a competitive edge. Historically, the education sector has lagged behind other industries in embracing innovative technologies. This delay has hindered its overall development. Now, we have a crucial opportunity to leverage these advancements in technology to deliver high-quality education to our children.
Rebooting Education: How AI Can Enhance Student Engagement and Retention
In 2020, the World Economic Forum introduced the Fourth Industrial Revolution – Education 4.0 Framework, identifying eight key transformations essential for improving education quality in the era of rapid technological advancement. This framework emphasises leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) to accelerate educational innovation, ensuring learners are well-prepared to thrive in the Fourth Industrial Revolution.[13]
The traditional education system faces a challenge. Student engagement and retention rates are declining, with many students finding current methods irrelevant or disengaging. Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers a beacon of hope, promising to personalise learning, create immersive experiences, and provide constant support, ultimately improving these critical metrics.
Personalized Learning Paths to Ownership and Engagement
A key advantage of AI is its ability to personalise the learning experience. Various research studies have found that personalised learning approaches can increase student engagement significantly, highlighting the effectiveness of this approach. Imagine a student struggling with algebra concepts. An AI-powered system could identify this gap and recommend interactive tutorials, targeted practice problems, and explainer videos tailored to their specific learning style. This fosters a sense of ownership and control over their studies, leading to a more proactive and engaged approach to learning.[8]
Interactive and Immersive Learning: Making Education Fun Again
Learning by doing is a powerful approach. AI can create simulations that replicate real-world scenarios, allowing students to practise skills in a safe and engaging environment. A 2023 research paper published in the Research Gate found that AI-powered simulations can improve student learning outcomes significantly compared to traditional methods. Imagine a medical student practising surgery in a virtual operating room or a history student experiencing the storming 1857 revolt against British rule through VR.[8][11]
Gamification, another tool in AI’s arsenal, transforms learning into a game! By incorporating points, badges, and leaderboards, AI can create a fun and competitive atmosphere that motivates students to learn and progress. A study by iSpring Solutions found that gamified learning experiences can increase learner engagement by up to 90% . These interactive and immersive experiences go beyond rote memorization, sparking curiosity and a genuine interest in the subject matter.[5][6]
AI Tutors and Support Systems: Always There to Help
Imagine having a virtual tutor available 24/7 to answer questions and clarify doubts. AI-powered chatbots can fulfil this role, providing students with immediate support outside of classroom hours. A report by the Center for American Progress highlights the potential of AI chatbots to address student anxieties and offer emotional support, especially for those feeling overwhelmed .AI-powered tools can automate assessments, grading multiple-choice questions and providing data-driven insights for educators. This allows educators to focus on more individualised instruction and address specific student needs.
Challenges and the Human Touch: A Future Focus
UNESCO emphasises a human-focused approach to AI, aiming to address inequalities in access to knowledge and cultural diversity. It advocates for AI to bridge rather than widen global technological disparities. The concept of “AI for all” underscores the goal that everyone can benefit equally from ongoing technological advancements, particularly in innovation and knowledge.
Additionally, UNESCO has introduced a publication titled Artificial Intelligence and Education: Guidance for Policy-makers under the Beijing Consensus framework. This document targets education policy-makers, aiming to enhance their preparedness in integrating AI into educational settings. It seeks to foster a mutual understanding among policy-makers and educators about AI’s potential and challenges, emphasising the necessary competencies for the AI era.
Most importantly, AI is a tool to enhance, not replace, educators. Human interaction, critical thinking guidance, and social-emotional learning remain vital aspects of education. Educators leverage AI to automate tasks and provide feedback, while focusing on fostering critical thinking skills, problem-solving abilities, and creativity in students.It helps the teachers to easily complete their task and keep the student motivated and engaged with the processes.
The Blended Learning Revolution: Merging Offline and Online
The rise of EdTech and AI doesn’t spell the end of traditional classroom learning. Instead, it ushers in an era of blended learning, where online and offline elements are seamlessly integrated to create a more holistic and effective educational experience.The blended approach plays out in following manner:
- In flipped classrooms, students learn core concepts through pre-recorded lectures or online modules outside of class. Classroom time is then dedicated to interactive activities, discussions, and personalised instruction, leveraging the educator’s expertise for deeper learning.
- Online Resources as Reinforcement: Offline classroom learning can be significantly enhanced by online resources. Educational games, simulations, and interactive quizzes offered by EdTech platforms can solidify concepts learned in class and provide students with additional practice opportunities.
- Virtual Collaboration or online collaboration tools allow students to work on projects and assignments together, even when geographically dispersed. This fosters teamwork skills and prepares students for a globalised workforce.
AI in the Classroom: A Teacher’s Ally, Not a Replacement
The traditional classroom is undergoing a transformation. Artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as a powerful tool, not to replace teachers, but to empower them and enhance the learning experience for students, both in traditional and virtual settings. Imagine a classroom where the teacher can effortlessly identify each student’s strengths and weaknesses. AI can make this a reality. By analysing student data from assignments, quizzes, and even classroom interactions, AI can provide educators with valuable insights.
This allows teachers to be armed with data-driven insights, teachers can tailor instruction to individual student needs. This could involve creating differentiated learning paths, recommending targeted resources, or adjusting lesson plans for better understanding .
AI-powered tools can analyse student work and offer immediate, personalised feedback. This goes beyond simple grading, pinpointing areas for improvement and suggesting resources for further learning . This real-time feedback loop is crucial for student growth and engagement.
AI can automate administrative tasks like grading multiple-choice questions and scheduling. This frees up valuable teacher time for more high-impact activities like personalised instruction, project-based learning, and fostering social-emotional development..
Conclusion
Integrating this remarkable technology into education not only enhances student engagement but also improves retention rates. Students are more eager to learn when they have access to AI-driven platforms that offer personalised educational experiences. Unlike traditional schools and universities, these platforms attract hundreds and thousands of students who willingly join courses to enhance their skills and knowledge.
It is imperative for educators to recognize the significance of AI-assisted teaching and learning technologies in our classrooms. Embracing AI can revolutionise how we educate, ensuring that our students receive a more engaging and effective learning experience tailored to their individual needs. This forward-thinking approach not only prepares students for the future but also positions our education system at the forefront of global innovation.
References :
1. Bloom, B. S. (1984). The 2 Sigma Problem: The Search for Methods of Group Instruction as Effective as One-to-One tutoring https://web.mit.edu/5.95/www/readings/bloom-two-sigma.pdf
2. Bransford, J. D., Brown, A. L., & Cocking, R. R. (Eds.). (2000). How People Learn: Brain, Mind, Experience, and School.
3. Centre for American Progress. (2021). AI Chatbots in Education: Addressing Student Needs. https://www.americanprogress.org/article/taking-further-agency-action-on-ai/department-of-education-chapter/
4. Hattie, J., & Yates, G. C. R. (2020). Personalized Learning in the Digital Age: The Impact of AI on Education*.
5 International Telecommunication Union (ITU). (2021).Measuring digital development: Facts and figures https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Documents/facts/FactsFigures2021.pdf
6. iSpring Solutions. (2020). The Impact of Gamification on Learner Engagement. https://slejournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40561-019-0098-x
7. Khan Academy. (Accessed 2024, June).: About Khan Academy. https://support.khanacademy.org/hc/en-us/articles/23864027890829-LSAT-Prep-Moving-from-Khan-Academy-to-LSAC-s-LawHub-After-June-30-2024
8. Major, L., Gill, A. F., & Tsapli, M. (2021). The effectiveness of technology-supported personalised learning in low- and middle-income countries: A meta-analysis.British Journal of Educational Technology.https://docs.edtechhub.org/lib/5U948655
9. MarketsandMarkets. (2021). *EdTech and Smart Classroom Market by Hardware (Interactive Displays, Interactive Projectors), System (LMS, SIS, TMS), Technology (Gamification, Analytics, Advanced Technology), and Region – Global Forecast to 2027https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Market-Reports/educational-technology-ed-tech-market-1066.html
10. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). (2022). *Artificial Intelligence and Education: Guidance for Policy-makers*.https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000376709
11. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) : Education for sustainable development.. https://www.unesco.org/en/sustainable-development/education
12.Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2018). Future of Educational Skills 2030. https://www.oecd.org/education/2030-project/contact/E2030_Position_Paper_(05.04.2018).pdf
13. World Economic Forum. (2020). *The Fourth Industrial Revolution: Education 4.0 https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/01/the-fourth-industrial-revolution-what-it-means-and-how-to-respond/